A Class 4 forklift is an internal combustion engine (ICE) truck equipped with solid or cushion tires. These sit‑down, counterbalanced trucks are designed primarily for indoor use on smooth, flat surfaces such as warehouse floors, loading docks, and manufacturing facilities.
Key Characteristics
Power Source: Powered by an internal combustion engine that runs on gasoline, diesel, liquid propane (LPG), or compressed natural gas (CNG).
Tires: Fitted with cushion (solid) tires, which provide stability and durability on smooth indoor surfaces.
Counterbalanced: The weight of the truck itself (including a rear counterweight) balances the load on the front forks.
Operator Position: The operator sits in a cab with seated controls.
Common Applications
Class 4 forklifts are most effective in environments with low clearance and smooth floors, including:
Indoor warehouses and distribution centers
Loading docks
Moving goods from docks to storage areas
Facilities where electric recharging infrastructure is not available
Class 4 vs. Class 5 – The Tire Difference
The primary distinction between Class 4 and Class 5 forklifts is the tire type:
Feature Class 4 Class 5
Tires Cushion (solid) Pneumatic (air‑filled)
Primary Use Indoor, smooth surfaces Indoor/outdoor, uneven terrain
Ground Clearance Lower Higher
OSHA Training Requirements
OSHA requires that operators of Class 4 forklifts receive specific training and certification under 29 CFR 1910.178(l) before operating the equipment. Training must cover:
Safe operating procedures, including starting, maneuvering, lifting, and parking
Recognition of workplace hazards
Employer responsibilities and OSHA regulations
Operators must be evaluated at least once every three years.
Summary
Class 4 forklifts are internal combustion trucks with cushion tires, designed for indoor use on smooth surfaces. They are counterbalanced, sit‑down rider trucks powered by gasoline, diesel, LPG, or CNG. Their solid tires provide stability on flat floors but limit their use outdoors or on rough terrain. OSHA requires specific training and certification for Class 4 forklift operators under 29 CFR 1910.178(l).